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Lighting circuits often use a system where each lighting point is fed with a Live, Neutral and Earth (CPC). These are then extended to give the next light its Live, Neutral and Earth (CPC). Each light is then switched on & off using a switch or combination of switches that are appropriate to that lights use.
The simplest switching arrangement is the one way lighting system where a cable usually a twin & CPC is taken from the light fitting to the switch. This cable is then connected as follows.
NB One way switches have terminals marked Common and L1 and switching the switch switches its mode from open to closed. There is a slightly more complex switch known as a 2 way switch that has common and L1 and L2 terminals that is slightly more expensive that can be used for both 1 way and 2 way switching purposes.. If a 2 way switch is to be used the wires should connect between Common and L1 again and attention paid to a marker in the switch that says TOP. Whilst the switch will still work if you use Common and L2 or fit the switch upside down it may cause confusion to users as switches with the bottom part of the switch flush to the switch plate indicates on in the UK on 1 way switches.
NB CPCs are not shown in the interactive tools for clarity (plus drawing green/yellow striped lines is ricky in this software).